#12-24 UNC Thread

Recommended tap drill #16
Tap drill Ø 0.1770″ / 4.496 mm
Major Ø 0.2160″ / 5.486 mm
Threads per inch 24

The chart recommendation gives approximately 72.1% thread engagement — the conventional target for average materials. It is not the only valid choice; see the options below.

Specification

Designation#12-24 UNC
Thread familyUnified National Coarse (UNC)
Nominal size#12
Basic major diameter 0.2160″ / 5.486 mm
Threads per inch / pitch24 TPI (1.058 mm pitch)
Recommended tap drill #16 (0.1770″ / 4.496 mm)
P = 0.0417″ (24 TPI) 60° major Ø 0.2160″ 60° thread form (UN / ISO) — schematic

Tap drill options by thread engagement

Any of these standard drills produces a usable engagement for #12-24 UNC; smaller drills give stronger threads but higher tapping torque. Percentages use the conventional approximation (60° thread form).

11/64″ 81.5% #16 ★ 72.1% #14 62.8% shaded = share of the full thread height the tap forms · accent line = drilled hole wall
★ = chart recommendation. A smaller drill leaves more of the thread height for the tap to form.
Drill Decimal in mm Approx. engagement
11/64″ 0.1719 4.366 81.5%
#17 0.1730 4.394 79.4%
4.4 mm 0.1732 4.4 79%
#16 — chart recommendation 0.1770 4.496 72.1%
4.5 mm 0.1772 4.5 71.7%
#15 0.1800 4.572 66.5%
4.6 mm 0.1811 4.6 64.5%
#14 0.1820 4.623 62.8%

Nearest drills to the tap drill in other systems

Drill Size vs #16 Resulting engagement
4.5 mm 0.1772″ / 4.5 mm +0.004 mm 71.7%
11/64″ 0.1719″ / 4.366 mm −0.13 mm 81.5%

Related threads

Data provenance. ASME B1.1, Unified Inch Screw Threads (ASME). Machinery’s Handbook — tap drill charts (Industrial Press). ASME B18.2.8, Clearance Holes for Bolts, Screws, and Studs (ASME). Engagement percentages use the conventional approximation (engagement = (major − drill) ÷ (1.29904 × pitch)) and are guidance, not a tolerance specification. See all data sources.